CentOS Linux 7.8.2003, pinned to that exact point release, for legacy migration
CentOS Linux is a free, open source community rebuild of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, binary compatible with RHEL. This image is CentOS Linux 7.8.2003, the point release that corresponds to RHEL 7.8, and it stays there: the package repositories are pinned to the frozen 7.8.2003 vault, so updating the machine does not quietly walk it onto a later point release.
That pin is the whole reason this image exists. Plenty of software is certified, supported or simply known to work against one specific CentOS 7 point release rather than the CentOS 7 line as a whole, and a machine that drifts off it is no longer the platform that was signed off.
CentOS Linux 7 reached end of life on 30 June 2024 and receives no further upstream security updates, so this image is patched only to its capture date from the frozen CentOS 7.8 vault and is provided for legacy migration workloads. Plan a migration to a supported distribution for anything that must stay secure.
cloudimg builds this point release from the vault install tree rather than picking a dated cloud image, so the release the machine reports is a fact of how it was made, and then applies every package the 7.8 vault ever published. The repositories ship already repointed at the 7.8.2003 vault, so package management keeps working after the original mirrors were retired and the machine stays on the release you bought. There is no baked in credential: access is by the SSH key you choose at launch, password authentication is off and the root account is locked, so no two instances share a secret. SELinux ships enforcing, the only port reachable off the machine is SSH, the Azure guest agent is present so it provisions cleanly, and the image comes with a paired deploy guide and 24/7 support while you migrate.