CentOS Linux 7.9 with an LVM disk layout, so you can grow and add storage volumes without repartitioning.
CentOS 7 LVM is CentOS Linux 7.9.2009, a free community rebuild of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 and binary compatible with it, cut with an LVM disk layout: the root filesystem lives on a logical volume inside a volume group rather than on a fixed raw partition. There is no application layered on top: the operating system is the product.
The LVM layout means you can extend the root volume onto a larger disk, add new volumes and reshape storage on a running system with standard LVM tooling, instead of being locked to the size and shape the image shipped with. That is the whole difference from the standard CentOS 7 image, which ships a plain single partition root.
CentOS Linux 7 reached end of life on 30 June 2024 and receives no further upstream security updates, so this image is patched only to its capture date from the frozen CentOS 7.9 vault and is provided for legacy migration workloads. Plan a migration to a supported distribution for anything that must stay secure.
cloudimg builds the LVM layout from scratch, because CentOS never published an LVM cloud image, then brings it to the last package set that exists for the release, verifies the root volume really is a logical volume and proves on a fresh machine that it can be grown online while mounted. There is no baked in credential: access is by the SSH key you choose at launch, password authentication is off and the root account is locked, so no two instances share a secret. The repositories are already repointed to the CentOS 7.9 vault so package management keeps working after the original mirrors were retired, SELinux ships enforcing, the only port reachable off the machine is SSH, and the image comes with a paired deploy guide and 24/7 support while you migrate.